Role and
Responsibilities of Pharmacist
(I) Central
Pharmacists Responsibilities
A. Dispensing area
1. Ensures
that established policies and procedures are followed.
2. Checks
for the accuracy of doses prepared
(a) Intravenous
admixtures
(b) Unit
dose
3. Provides
for proper drug control
(a) Ensures
that drugs are stored and dispensed properly (eg. Investigational drugs)
(b) Ensure
that all state and federal drug laws are followed
4. Ensure
that good techniques are used in compounding intravenous admixtures and
extemporaneous preparations
5. Provides
for proper record keeping and billing
(a) Patient-medication
records
(b) Extemporaneous
compounding records
(c) Intravenous
admixture records billing
(d) Investigational-drug
records
(e) Reports
(eg. Monthly workload report)
6. Maintains
professional competence, particularly in knowledge of drug stability and
incompatibilities.
7. Ensures
that new personnel are trained properly in the policies and procedures of the
dispensing area.
8. Co-ordinates
the activities of the area with the available staff to make the best possible
use of personnel and resources.
9. Keeps
the dispensing area neat and orderly.
10. Communicates
with all pharmacy staff regarding new development in the area and assists in
employee evaluations.
11. Provides
drug information as necessary to the pharmacy, medical and nursing staffs.
12. Co-ordinates
the overall pharmaceutical needs of the patients care areas with the dispensing
area (eg. Delivery schedules).
B. Patient-care
area
1. Supervision
of drug administration.
(a) Reviews
and interprets each unit doses and intravenous (IV) admixture medication order
to ensure that it is entered accurately into the unit-dose or IV- admixture
system.
(b) Reviews
each patients drug administration form periodically to ensure that all doses
are being administered and charted correctly.
2. Reviews
all doses missed, reschedule the doses as necessary and signs all drugs not
given notices.
3. Ensures
that new drug administration forms are transcribed accurately for continuity of
drug therapy and that drug charges are assessed correctly.
(a) Confirms
periodically that administered doses are noted correctly on the patient chart.
(c) Ensures
that proper drug administration techniques are used.
(d) Acts
as liaison between the pharmacist, the nursing and medical staffs.
(e) Communicates
with nurses and physicians concerning medication administration problems.
(f) Periodically
inspects the medication area on the nursing units to ensure that adequate
levels of floor stocks drugs and supply are maintained.
(g) Ensure
that order supportive services performed from the dispensing area as required.
(h) Ensure
that the other supportive services performed by the department of pharmacy are
carried out correctly.
(i) Co-ordinate
all pharmacy services on the nursing unit level.
(j) Ensure
that the medication area is neat and orderly.
(k) Ensure
that proper security is maintained in the medication area to prevent pilferage.
C. Direct patient
care
Identifies drug brought into the
hospital by patients.
Obtain patient medication
histories and communicates all pertinent information to the physician.
1. Assists
in drug-product and entity selection.
2. Assists
the physician in selecting dosage regimens and schedules and then assigns drug
administration times for these schedules (pharmacokinetic service).
3. Monitors
patient s’ total drug therapy for-
(a) Effectiveness/
ineffectiveness
(b) Side-effects
(c) Toxicities
(d) Allergic
drug reactions
(e) Drug
interaction
(f) Appropriate therapeutic
outcomes
4. Counsels
patients on
(a) medication
to be self administered in the hospital
(b) Discharge
medications
5. Participates
in cardiopulmonary emergencies by
(a) Procuring
and preparing the drug required.
(b) Charting
all medications given.
(c) Performing
cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.
D.
General responsibilities
1. Provides
education to
(a) Pharmacists,
pharmacy externs, clerks, students, residents and other students.
(b) Nurses
and nursing students.
(c) Physicians
and medical students.
2. Provides
drug information to physicians, nurses and other health-care personnel.
(II) Ambulatory
Pharmacists Responsibilities
A. Dispensing area
1. Ensure
that established policies and procedures are followed
2. Checks
for the accuracy in the work of supportive personnel
3. Ensure
that proper techniques are used in extemporaneous compounding
4. Maintenance
of adequate record keeping and billing
(a) Patient
medication records
(b) Investigational
drug records
(c) Outpatients
billing
(d) Reports
(e) Prescription
files
5. Maintains
professional competence
6. Ensure
that new personnel are trained properly in the policies and procedures of the
ambulatory pharmacy.
7. Co-ordinate
the activities of the area with available staff to make the best use of
personnel and resources.
8. Keeps
the ambulatory pharmacy area neat and orderly at all times.
B. Patient care
area
1. Inspects
the medication areas in the nursing unit periodically to ensure an adequate
supply of stock drugs and their proper storage.
2. Identifies
the drugs brought into the clinic by patients.
3. Obtains
patients medication histories and communicates pertinent information to the
physician.
4. Assists
in drug-product entity selection.
5. Assists
the physician in selecting dosage regimens and schedules.
6. Monitors
the patients total drug therapy for:
(a) Effectiveness
(b) Side-effects
(c) Toxicities
(d) Allergic
drug reactions
(e) Drug
interactions
(f) Appropriate
patient outcomes
7. Counsels
patients on the proper use of their medications.
8. Prepare
medications for intravenous administration.
9. Provides
medication and/or supply for patient home care.
C. General
responsibilities
1. Provides
drug information necessary to pharmacy, medicals and nursing staffs.
2. Co-ordinates
overall pharmaceutical needs of the ambulatory service area.
3. Provides
adequate drug controls
(a) Ensures that the drugs are
handled properly (eg. Investigational-drug storage).
(b) Ensures that all state
and federal laws are followed
4. Maintains
professional competence in area.
5. Participates
in cardiopulmonary emergencies by
(a) Procuring and preparing
the drug required.
(b) Charting all
medications given.
(c) Performing
cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.
6. Provides
in-service education to
(a) Pharmacists,
pharmacy externs, clerks, students, residents and other students.
(b) Nurses
and nursing students.
(c) Physicians
and medical students.
In a small hospital with only one
pharmacist it is a challenge to be knowledgeable in all the activities of the
hospital pharmacy. In large hospital with a number of pharmacists who
specialize in certain areas of practice, each may become expert in one or more
fields.
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